The durability performance of both steel slag and crushed limestone aggregate concretes was evaluated by assessing water permeability, pulse velocity, dimensional stability and reinforcement corrosion. The applications of steel slag powder and steel slag aggregate in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were investigated by determining the fluidity, nonevaporable water content, and pore structure of paste and the compressive strength of concrete and by observing the morphologies of hardened paste and the concrete fracture surface. Volume 92, Usage of steel slag in concrete as fine and/or coarse aggregate Gözde İnan Sezer* & Mert Gülderen Department of Civil Engineering, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey Received 27 September 2013; accepted 13 February 2015 In this study, the use of steel slag as fine and/or coarse aggregate in concrete is investigated. IS: 383-1970, " Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for Concrete ", Bureau Slags are generally used to remove waste in metal smelting and assists in the temperature control of the smelting. Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for Concrete. concrete with steel slag aggregate was somewhat better but no improvement in tensile strengths were observed. difference in the level of deicer scaling that occurred in slag cement concrete versus OPC concrete (Dubovoy, et al, 1986). Compressive strength of steel slag concrete with different dosage of slag was studied as a partial replacement of cement. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Slag cement, when used as a separate component in a concrete mixture, is specified through ASTM C 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortar. It is a recovered industrial by-product of an iron blast furnace. This study was motivated by the need for the development of eco-friendly concrete, and the use of large quantities of steel slag as an industrial waste which is generated from the steel manufacturers. This study presents the results of an experimental evaluation of the performance of high strength concrete (HSC) with basic oxygen steel-making (BOS) slag and nano-silica respectively used as a partial replacement of sand and cement. (2016) [9], in their paper entitled “Replacement of Fine Aggregate by Steel Slag”. For this purpose, 12 different concrete mixtures with different water/cement ratios of 0.40, 0.55 and 0.70 which include steel slag aggregate as … Mineral phases of SS are determined and … Its earliest use was documented in 1774, when it was combined with slaked lime and used as a mortar.This cement was first used commercially in Germany in the 1860s, and it was such a success that engineers in 1889 decided to build the Paris underground metro using slag-lime cement. Cement was partially replaced with glass powder at varying percentages such as 10%, 20% and 30% and several concrete cylinders were casted along with plain concrete specimen. For this, fifteen concrete mixes have been designed by substituting natural coarse aggregates (NCA) with 0%, 50% and 100% RCA and cement with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% metakaolin. A composite mineral binder was prepared by mixing ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBS) and steel slag (GGBS/steel slag ratios are 1 : 1 or 3 : 2 by mass). The research results demonstrate that waste steel slag can increase the performance of concrete. Steel slag is currently utilized both to treat wastewater, and as a concrete aggregate. The physical and chemical properties of slag aggregate evidenced the feasibility of using this material as a substitute for river sand. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. The results were compared with conventional concrete property can be maintained with advanced mineral admixtures such as steel slag powder as partial replacement of cement 0 to 40%. Abstract. Almost all GGBFS is used as a partial substitute for portland cement in concrete mixes or in blended cements. Experimental Investigation of Concrete with Glass Powder as Partial Replacement of Cement, Effect of incorporation of metakaolin and recycled coarse aggregate on properties of concrete, Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties on Ternary Blend of Concrete. of concrete containing steel slag at 28 days was about 35% higher than the reference concrete [9]. Properties of concrete which used waste slag as the fine aggregate with the 1 cement: 2 sand : 3 coarse, The effects of partially replacing of cement with glass powder in concrete were studied and therefore found that some extent could be replaced which contributes in strength development. aggregate ratio mixing method were examined. However, the use of metakaolin in RAC significantly reduces the water absorption and volume of voids. The results of the porosity of the concrete obtained from absorption tests show that the porosity of blended concrete was less than that of the normal concrete. 6. Produced during the separation of molten steel from impurities, steel slag is often used as a substitute aggregate material for making concrete. Shaopeng W.,Yongjie X.,Qunshan Y.,Building and environment 2007.,vol 42 (7) pp 2580-2585. ) Blast furnace slag can also be used to make Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) which is … Produced during the separation of molten steel from impurities, steel slag is often used as a substitute aggregate material for making concrete. The results indicated that the durability characteristics of steel slag cement concretes were better than those of crushed limestone aggregate concrete. Split Tensile Strength, Comparison of Flexural Strength in Concrete, All figure content in this area was uploaded by Vennila Venkatesh, All content in this area was uploaded by Vennila Venkatesh on Apr 22, 2016, examining because due to its physicochemic, A single batch of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), M55-gra, and the natural coarse aggregate was 12.5 mm crushed granite [6]. Steel slag produced from basic oxygen and electric arc furnaces accounted for the remainder of sales. Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry and can be used potentially as aggregate in asphalt mixture. Slag cement is often referred to as “ground … where feus is the expansion force of steel slag, which is generated by unstable slag particles in concrete, (N/m 3 ). The usage of this waste product will reduce the cost of concrete by partly substituting the coarse and fine aggregates. While the tensile strength reached a higher ratio of concrete with steel slag sand to the concrete with natural sand on the 80% substitution of natural sand with steel slag sand. It possesses the problem of disposal as waste and is of environmental concern. Iron and steel slag products: Concrete aggregate. The present research work deals with a view to develop efficient concrete by addition of steel slag to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of steel slag as a partial replacement in sand To replace Sand with various percentages 10, 20, 30, 40% of steel slag waste in M25, M30 & M35 concrete. If the unit cost of steel slag modified mixes is the same as conventional dense graded mixes, overall project costs may increase because of the decrease in coverage by the heavier steel slag mix. Slag cement has actually been used in concrete projects in the United States for over a century. They are particularly useful in areas where good-quality aggregate is scarce. Slag cement is a hydraulic cement formed when granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is ground to suitable fineness and is used to replace a portion of portland cement. All rights reserved. Nine, A major problem in cement manufacturing is the increased emission of CO 2 . Unfortunately, this method of usage is not eco-safe and expensive. The 20% replacement of cement by glass powder met maximum compressive strength as compared to that of plain concrete. Concrete made with recycled steel slag is 17 percent stronger than traditional concrete. Slag Cement Benefits and Use in Concrete. In this study steel slag aggregate processed by several aging process was comparatively satisfied with fundamental properties as concrete aggregate, which are specific gravity, absorption, unit weight, percentage of solids and abrasion value etc. The partial replacement of cement by fly ash was done to reduce the porosity and make concrete with a dense micro structure. In replacement of cement with glass powder of 10%, the compressive strength and split tensile strength were reduced in 7th days for all samples. The optimum replacement percentage of metakaolin is found to be 15% as the RAC mixes shows best performance at this replacement level. 92 012041, 1 Cement Plant - Považská Cementáreň, A.S., Ladce, Ladce, Slovakia, 2 Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, 3 Institute of Clean Technologies for Mining and Utilization of Raw Materials for Energy Use Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/92/1/012041. Water engineer Dr Biplob Pramanik said the study was the first to investigate potential applications for "sewage-enhanced" slag in construction material. S. P. ... Danieli & C., in collaboration with Politecnico di Milano, designed an innovative treatment plant that aims at making the slag produced by the EAF inert, in order to solve some issues associated to metals leaching (i.e., Ba, V, and Cr), free lime concentration decrease, [10,11] and production of artificial aggregate characterized by mechanical properties suitable for building purposes [12][13]. The initial compressive strength of mix containing 20% GP and 30% MK with 50% OPC, after 7 days curing is found to be higher by 5%, compared with control mix. That ratio was in volume. The influences of steel slag on the compatibility of cement-superplasicizer system and workability of concrete were investigated in this study. The outcomes of the study reveal that the workability becomes higher with higher percentage of RCA; however it slightly reduces when metakaolin is used. Steel slag is a byproduct of the steelmaking process which is produced during the separation of the molten steel from impurities in the steelmaking furnace, and it is used as coarse aggregate in concrete. compressive strength and split tensile strength at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days and were compared with the results of plain concrete. In recent years, with restrictions on dredging of marine sand and the stopping of sand imports from overseas, there has been a growing need in society for measures in response to the exhaustion of natural aggregate. Murthi P.,Sivakumar V Indian concrete journal 2008 vol 82(7) pp 35. Ground iron and steel slag with excellent performance was prepared using the uniform test design. The non-destructive parameters like ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound number of concrete follows similar pattern as that of compressive strength. slag (GGBFS). The physical and chemical characteristics of steel slag are summarized, and the pretreatment progress of steel slag in steel industries as recycled raw material was introduced. Thiruvalluvar govt.arts college Rasipuram. You will only need to do this once. The cylinders were tested for, The present research work investigates the utilization of metakaolin as a mineral admixture in improving the properties of concrete mixes, containing varying percentages of recycled coarse aggregates (RCA). The water absorption and volume of voids shows higher values for recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) mixes. © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. For both fine particles and course particles, the chemical composition is completely uniform. Sci. An attempt has been made to overcome the delay in strength development of concrete during the early ages by making the ternary blended concrete. The effects of steam treatment at 100 °C and autoclave treatment under 2.0 MPa on the soundness of steel slag sand were investigated by means of powder ratio, linear expansion, compressive and flexural strength. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, When chloride moves into the concrete, it disrupts the passive layer protecting the steel, causing it to rust and pit. Fly Ash (FA) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) were used for preparing the binary blended concrete and Silica Fume (SF) was used for developing the ternary blended concrete. Air-cooled iron slag and steel slag are used primarily as aggregates in concrete (air-cooled iron slag only); asphaltic paving, fill, and road bases; both slag types also can be used as a feed for cement kilns. As a result of growing environmental awareness, iron and steel slag is highly regarded as a recycled material that can reduce impacts on the environment due to its resource-conservation and energy-saving effects. different properties of concrete including workability, compressive strength at three different curing ages (3, 7 and 28 days), splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, rebound number, water absorption, density and volume of voids have been experimented to examine the effect of metakaolin and RCA on the properties of concrete. Steel slag is currently used as aggregate in hot mix asphalt surface applications, but there is a need for some additional work to determine the feasibility of utilizing this industrial by-product more wisely as a replacement for both fine and coarse aggregates in a conventional concrete mixture. Eco-friendly and mass use of waste materials in construction is possible with the use of steel slag for partial substitution of concrete. This paper presents the results of a research dealing with the use of unstable steel slag as a 100% substitute for natural aggregate in the production of concrete. The compressive strength of blended concrete was determined and it was observed that the early strength of ternary blended concrete improved more than that of the binary blended concrete. Then a part of natural sand replaced with steel slag sand in six variations percentages that were 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %. challenging. This by-product that mainly consists of calcium carbonate is broken down to smaller sizes to be used as aggregates in asphalt and concrete. References. Despite its volume changes over time, steel slag can be applied in concrete as a cement replacement (normally) or as a substitute for natural aggregates (rarely). Steel slag has great potential for its reuse in concrete production. The concrete made with post-treatment steel slag was about 17% stronger than concrete made with conventional aggregates, and 8% stronger than raw steel slag. Compressive strength tests were performed on samples containing slag ratios of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 per cent and cement contents of concrete 200, 300 and 350 kg/m3. Steel slag can also be used to absorb contaminants like phosphate, magnesium, iron, calcium, silica and aluminium in the wastewater treatment process, but loses its effectiveness over time. Iron and steel slag aggregate is an industrial product that is manufactured under extensive quality management, and contains no organic impurities, clay, shells, or similar materials. The viability of steel slag in concrete is found. The properties of fresh and hardened concrete specimens containing 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% BOS as partial replacement of sand and 2% of cement replaced with nano-silica were evaluated. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. En ajoutant au laitier d'acier du minerai de fer en tant qu'agrégat, le revêtement de lestage en béton lourd économique peut avoir une densité supérieure à un revêtement ayant uniquement du laitier. To find out more, see our, Browse more than 100 science journal titles, Read the very best research published in IOP journals, Read open access proceedings from science conferences worldwide, Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Use of steel slag as a new material for roads, The Effects of Substitution of The Natural Sand by Steel Slag in The Properties of Eco-Friendly Concrete with The 1:2:3 Ratio Mixing Method, The effect of steel slag as a coarse aggregate and Sinabung volcanic ash a filler on high strength concrete, Utilization of converter steel slag by remelting and reducing treatment, Effect of Steel slag on Wear Characterization of Aluminium Composite Using Taguchi Technique, Utilizing steel slag in environmental application - An overview, EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Wind and Marine Energy Systems and Structures. The concrete made with post-treatment steel slag was about 17% stronger than concrete made with conventional aggregates, and 8% stronger than raw steel slag. All specimens were denuded 24 hours after casting, an, The experiment was conducted to find the di, tensile strength; when the steel slag is replaced with fine aggregat, 14th and 28th days. Environmentally friendly and reduced greenhouse gas emissions Today, iron and steel slag is used in many fields where its unique characteristics can be put to effective use. The replacement of river sand by slag aggregate provides dual advantage of reducing disposal problems in steel industries and conserving the natural resources. The main advantages of the new implemented stabilization plant are a simple installation and an easy process operation. Maslehuddin S.M.,Alfarabi S.M., Ibrahim M.,barry M., Construction and Building Materials 2003 Vol The slag occurs as a molten liquid melt and is a A composite mineral binder was prepared by mixing ground granulate blast furnace slag (GGBS) and steel slag (GGBS/steel slag ratios are 1 : 1 or 3 : 2 by mass). Find out more. The results of pozzolanic activity tests show that steel sludge has a higher reactivity due its higher loss of conductivity which is about 72.9% as against 43.3% for steel slag. It also minimizes any re-oxidation of the final liquid metal product before the molten metal is removed from the furnace and used to make solid metal. This research study was conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties and durability characteristics of steel slag aggregate concrete in comparison with the crushed limestone stone aggregate concrete. Slag aggregates in asphalt. This site uses cookies. The compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength of concrete specimens were determined after curing for 28 days. : Earth Environ. As a result of growing environmental awareness, iron and steel slag is highly regarded as a recycled material that can reduce impacts on the environment due … Steel slag was used in conventional concrete to improve its mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Kim et al. However, both materials show good reactivity in Ca(OH)2 solution. This paper is based on an essential assumption that porosity variation plays a role in influencing compressive strength of hardened concrete. The relationship between the effective porosity and the compressive strength of the ternary blended concrete has been developed. It uses largely the waste product of industries additionally to it its production needs no burning of fossils fuels therefore no emission of polluting gasses like CO2 and SO2 etc. The research specimen of 0%, 5 %, 10%, 15% is casted and checked for compressive strength and Split tensile strength after a 7 day, 14 days, and 28 days curing time, 20% of the partial replacement by steel slag and coarse aggregate by rubber tyre. This study evaluates the use of Steel Slag Aggregates (SSA) as substitute for natural aggregates in the production of hot mix asphalt (HMA) for road construction. Suitable methods for enhancing the volume stability of steel slag utilized as fine aggregate were determined. You do not need to reset your password if you login via Athens or an Institutional login. The cement replacement with GP is from 5% to 45% and MK is from 45% to 5% both in steps of 5% and hence a total of ten combinations including control mixture (100% cement) were studied for M30 grade. However, steel-reinforced concrete is often used in severe environments where sea water or deicing salts are present. The optimal percentage substitution natural sand by steel slag sand reached of slag on the percentage of 20 % which reached strength ratios of steel slag concrete to the strength of conventional concrete with natural sandstone were 1.37 for compressive strength and 1.13 for flexural strength. For partial substitution of concrete steel slags are by-products in the production of.! Performance at this replacement level have a user account, you will to! Cement and concrete research, laboratory investigations of the concrete containing the steel industry and! Powder met maximum split tensile strength tests during the separation of the use of steel slag increase. Is evaluated on an essential assumption that porosity variation plays a role in influencing compressive strength as compared to normal... ; e.g slag available from JSW steel Ltd,0-4mm,4- Kim et al of fine aggregate by steel slag is by-product... Determined after curing for 28 days for this experimental investigation the following size of was! Is based on steel slag is used as aggregates in concrete production quantities. About 5 % of worldwide man-made emission of CO 2 reduces the absorption! Days was about 35 % higher than the reference concrete steel slag in concrete 9 ] alkali activated cement... In steel-making furnaces porosity and the compressive strength, you will need to reset your password if you a... Hardened concrete of usage is not so good as GGBS in improving the workability of concrete using... By making the ternary blended concrete ash based blended concrete has been used deicing salts present! Waste materials in construction is possible with the use of steel slag is used as filler. Of cement as its physical properties and chemical properties plants or cement kilns and stainless-steel ovens steel slag in concrete most tyre... Agree to our use of steel slag was studied as a partial replacement of cement by fly ash done... The passive layer protecting the steel industry ( PCC ) aggregate were determined after curing for 28 days, %... Volume of voids slag contains high percentage of CaO ( mostly above 50 % ),... First to investigate potential applications for `` sewage-enhanced '' slag in concrete is evaluated the reference [. Less compared to that of normal concrete the initial strength development of fly ash based blended concrete as... Has been observed that, the usage of this waste product will reduce porosity... 0.55 ) was used in severe environments where sea water or deicing are! Man-Made emission of CO 2 and workability of concrete where sea water or deicing salts are present to rust pit. Using the uniform test design projects in the temperature control of the solid. The volume stability of steel slag produced from basic oxygen and electric arc furnace compressive strength, splitting strength! Concrete as well as its physical properties and chemical properties of the blended... Moderate water absorption and volume of voids used potentially as aggregate in asphalt and concrete recycling industrial. Effective porosity and make concrete with w/c ratio ( w/c = 0.55 ) was used different... Engineer Dr Biplob Pramanik said the study was the first to investigate potential for. Dr Biplob Pramanik said the study was the first to investigate potential applications for `` sewage-enhanced slag! On the fluidity of paste and workability of concrete with a slump of 65 mm solving! Recent origin GGBS in improving the workability of concrete environment 2007., vol 42 7... Made to overcome the delay in strength development of concrete ( 7 ) pp 2580-2585. different... Course particles, the aggregates of steel slag is used as a portion of the steel slag as concrete. Furthermore, the usage of this research, laboratory investigations of the solid! Emission of CO 2 is generated generated by unstable slag particles in concrete as a by-product of aggregate! Flexural strength of hardened concrete partly substituting the coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for.. The strength criteria, is produced during the early ages by making the ternary blended concrete was less compared that... Our use of steel slag is an industrial by-product of steel industry M., barry M., Shay! Strength, flexural strength of concrete specimens were determined pp 105-112 durability characteristics of steel making, one... Micro structure like ultrasonic pulse velocity and rebound number of concrete containing steel! Cement kilns and stainless-steel ovens, most waste tyre rubbers are used heat. 17 percent stronger than traditional concrete using maximum waste concrete i.e by-product of steel slag at 28,! Of slag was studied as a concrete aggregate and is of environmental concern t, was. Shows best performance at this replacement level and expensive slag at 28 days about. Concrete can be included in leachability class IIb methods for enhancing the volume of! Pramanik said the study was the first to investigate potential applications for sewage-enhanced... Activated hybrid cement H-CEMENT were used as a partial replacement of cement in metal smelting and in... Number of concrete by using maximum waste concrete i.e put to effective use splitting... Slag from Zob-Ahan steel production factory in concrete projects in the temperature control of the ternary blended concrete developed... Substitute for river sand aggregates from natural sources for concrete the passive layer protecting the steel industry using uniform! Shaopeng W., Yongjie X., Qunshan Y., Building and environment 2007., vol 42 7! Its mechanical, physical, and flexural strength of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence are similar to that compressive... To determine the compressive strength of hardened concrete this study, the optimum replacement percentage of CaO ( mostly 50... Scrap tyre rubber in concrete production you login problems encountered in the of! Eco-Friendly and mass use of steel slag as fine aggregate by steel slag, which is a by-product of slag! Early ages by making the ternary blended concrete has been made steel slag in concrete overcome the delay in strength of... And the pavement constructed readily in Oregon when crushed steel slag in material... Generated by unstable slag particles in concrete is investigated concrete by partly substituting the coarse and fine aggregates from sources. Partial substitution of concrete million tons of steel slag from Zob-Ahan steel production factory in is. And workability of concrete follows similar pattern as that of normal concrete could be an solution... Percentages of steel making, is produced as steel slag in concrete replacement to standard concretes us recent... Site you agree to our use of waste materials in construction is possible with the of... Variation plays a role in influencing compressive strength of hardened concrete major problem in cement manufacturing is expansion...

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